〜た末に

Pattern

〜た末に

Level

N3

Meaning

After a long process of; as a result of (often after a difficult or long time).

Attaches to

Verb (ta-form), Noun + の

Nuance & register

Reflects the weight of the process leading to a conclusion.

Example

悩んだ末に、留学することに決めた。 After much worrying, I decided to study abroad.

Easily confused with

〜あげく. Both imply a negative outcome, but 〜た末に is neutral and can lead to a positive result, whereas 〜あげく is strictly negative.

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