Grammar Points
JLPT grammar patterns N5 to N1 — how each one attaches, what it means, and a worked example.
- 〜ないで — N4 — without doing
- 〜のようだ — N4 — Looks like / seems like
- 〜をもとに — N3 — based on
- 〜てならない — N3 — cannot help but feel/very
- 〜について — N3 — about, regarding, concerning
- 〜のがへたです — N5 — Be bad at doing...
- 〜も — N5 — Also / too
- 〜のがじょうずです — N5 — Be good at doing...
- 〜あとで — N5 — After doing...
- 〜たり〜たりします — N5 — Do things like A and B
- 〜のがすきです — N5 — Like doing...
- 〜がいちばん〜 — N5 — ...is the most (superlative)
- 〜の — N5 — Possessive / modifying particle
- 〜に — N5 — Target of action / specific time / destination
- 〜で — N5 — Location of action / means / tool
- 〜が — N5 — Subject marker / focus particle
- 〜から — N5 — From (starting point) / Because (reason)
- 〜まで — N5 — Until / to (ending point)
- 〜を — N5 — Direct object marker
- 〜てください — N5 — Please do... (polite request)
- 〜は〜です — N5 — A is B (topic marker + copula)
- 〜ましょう — N5 — Let's... / Shall we... (suggestion)
- 〜ないでください — N5 — Please don't do... (negative request)
- 〜ています — N5 — Present continuous (doing) / ongoing state
- 〜ましょうか — N5 — Shall I...? / Shall we...? (offering help or suggesting)
- 〜か — N5 — or
- 〜たいです — N5 — Want to do... (first/second person desire)
- 〜があります/います — N5 — There is / have (existence of inanimate/animate things)
- 〜まえに — N5 — Before doing...
- 〜のあとで — N5 — After doing... / After [Noun]
- 〜といえる — N3 — can be said that
- 〜より — N5 — Than (used in comparison)
- 〜のほうが〜より — N5 — A is more [adjective] than B
- 〜てもいいです — N5 — You may / Is it okay to...?
- 〜てはいけません — N5 — Must not / You cannot...
- 〜までに — N5 — By (a specific time limit)
- 〜のなかで〜がいちばん — N5 — the most... among...
- 〜はどうですか — N5 — how about...? / what do you think of...?
- 〜ながら — N5 — while doing
- 〜すぎます — N5 — too much; excessively
- 〜やすい — N5 — easy to do
- 〜にくい — N5 — difficult to do
- 〜はじめる — N4 — to start doing / to begin doing
- 〜のなかで — N5 — in; among
- 〜わかります — N5 — understand; know
- 〜てしまう — N4 — To do completely / regrettably
- 〜すぎる — N4 — Too much / excessively
- 〜そうだ（様態） — N4 — Looks like / seems like
- 〜そうだ（伝聞） — N4 — I heard that / they say
- 〜てみる — N4 — Try doing something to see how it turns out