〜（ら）れる
- Pattern
- 〜（ら）れる
- Level
- N4
- Reading
- 〜（ら）れる
- Meaning
- potential, passive, causative, spontaneous, honorific
- Attaches to
- verb stem (potential/passive), suffix to i-adjectives/nouns (potential)
- Nuance & register
This is a highly versatile suffix with multiple grammatical functions. At N4, focus is on potential and passive.
- Example
（potential）一人で運べます。 I can carry it by myself. （passive）この本は多くの人に読まれている。 This book is read by many people.